Anxiety Related Disorder

Anxiety-related disorders are the most common of all psychiatric disorders. Client with these disorder will experience physiologic, cognitive, and behavioral symptoms.

Physiologic manifestations are related to the fight and flight response that result in cardiovascular, respiratory, neuromuscular, and gastrointestinal stimulation. The cognitive symptoms are apprehension, uneasiness, an uncertainty. Behavioral symptoms are irritability, restlesnes, pacing, crying, and sighing, tension and nervousness.

Classification

As defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR), anxiety-related disorders are include those listed here.


Anxiety Disorders:

• Panic disorder without agoraphobia
• Panic disorder with agoraphobia
• Agoraphobia without history of panic disorder
• Specific phobia
• Social phobia
• Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
• Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
• Acute stress disorder
• Generalized anxiety disorder
• Anxiety disorder due to a general medical condition
• Substance-induced anxiety disorder
• Anxiety disorder not otherwise specified

Dissociative Disorders

• Dissociative amnesia
• Dissociative fugue
• Dissociative identity disorder
• Depersonalization disorder
• Dissociative disorder not otherwise specified

Model Of Care: Milieu Therapy

Milieu therapy is an treatment environment in which everyday events and interactions are therapeutically designed for the purpose of enhancing social skills and building confidence. It provides a safe environment adapted to the client’s needs, comport, and freedom of expression.

Milieu therapy is staffed by persons trained to provide support, and all members contribute to the planning and functioning of setting. All members are viewed as significant and valuable members of community.

Focus of milieu therapy:

• Positive physical, social and environmental manipulation to effect a positive changes.
• Group and social interaction.
• Client’s rights.
• Using community meeting, activity groups, social skills groups, and physical exercise programs.

Mental Health Admission and Client Rights

There are two types of admission and discharge in Mental Health Care :

Voluntary Admission

• Client agree to accept treatment
• Civil rights are retained fully by the client and the client is free to sign out of the hospital
• The client has the right to demand and receive release
• Any client of lawful age may apply in writing for admission to the hospital

Involuntary Admission

• Client who has legal capacity to consent to mental health treatment refuses to do so and is detained involuntarily for treatment by the state
• It is necessary when a client is mentally ill and is a danger to self or other and need of psychiatric treatment and physical care
• The client who involuntary admitted to mental health care can be categorized for evaluation and emergency care, certification for observation and treatment, or extended and indeterminate commitment.
• This client does not lose his or her right of informed consent

The client who is admitted to mental health care (voluntary or involuntary) will have “client right” to :

• Accessible health care
• Courteous and individualized health care
• Coordination and continuity of health care
• Get the information about the qualifications, names, and titles of personal giving care
• Privacy and confidentiality
• Refuse observation by those not directly involved in care
• Informed consent
• Treatment
• Information about diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment
• Information on the charges of services
• Communicate with people outside the hospital through correspondence, telephone, and personal visits
• Be employed
• Religious freedom
• Execute wills
• Retains in licenses, privileges, or permits established by law
• Treatment in the least restrictive setting
• Not to be subjected to unnecessary restraints