Dissociative disorder includes dissociative amnesia, dissociative fugue, dissociative identity (multiple personality) disorder, and depersonalization disorder.
Dissociative Amnesia
Dissociative amnesia is the inability to recall important personal information because it is anxiety provoking. Memory impairment may be partial or almost complete.
There are three types of dissociative disorder:
- Localized: block out all memories about specific period.
- Selective: recalls some but not all memories about a specific period.
- Generalized: loss of all memory about past life.
Dissociative Fugue
Dissociative fugue is a disorder in which client assumes a new identity in a new environment. It may be suddenly. The client may drift from place to place and develops few social relationships.
Dissociative Identity (Multiple Personality)
Two or more fully developed distinct and unique personalities exist within the person and may take full control of the client one at a time. This disorder is used as a method of distancing and defending self from anxiety and traumatic experiences. The transition from one personality to the other is related to stress and is sudden.
Depersonalization Disorder
Depersonalization disorder is an altered self perception in which client’s reality is temporally lost or changed. The client will have feelings of detachment and intact reality testing.
Specific Intervention for Dissociative Disorder Client:
- Develop a trust with the client.
- Encourage verbal expression of anxiety and concerns.
- Encourage client to explore methods of coping.
- Orient the client and identity sources of conflicts.
- Focus on the client’s strengths and skills.
- Use stress reduction techniques.
- Allow the client to progress at his or her own pace.
- Plan for individual, group, and family psychotherapy.
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